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The U.S.A [url=http://www.materialistanyces.com]louboutin[/url] is very easily one of the [url=http://www.davidhabchy.com]barbour sale[/url] biggest economies in the world today. For this reason, it is in any country's best interests to engage in trade with the U.S. Otherwise, there are dire consequences for an economy, especially in the short run. With this knowledge, the U.S. has in the past put in place economic sanctions on some countries as a mechanism to enforce foreign policy, for example, in the war against terrorism or violation [url=http://www.getconversational.com]hollister france[/url] of human rights. In the period ranging from 1993-1996 alone, it was estimated that there were over 30 countries hit with such sanctions, with countries such as Iran and Iraq being part of this list (Torbat 407). The effectiveness of the use of economic sanctions by the U.S.A has come under scrutiny in the recent years. Policy makers are becoming increasingly interested in finding out the costs incurred by the country in imposing such sanctions and the benefits. There has been debate on the overall effectiveness of economic sanctions by the U.S.A. This has inspired literature that examines its costs and benefits.
An example of works on the effects of sanctions is Farmer, 2000 cited in Torbat (408) saying that sanctions are ineffective in the period past the cold war era, when it was possible to enforce multilateral sanctions due to loyalties among different countries. This is an opinion that Cortright and Lopez, 2002 (cited in Torbat 408) differ with in their writing, maintaining that it is possible to enforce effective sanctions in the modern day with the correct policies in place.Economic sanctions have been in some cases beneficial to the U.S.A. Sanctions are often effective when the sanctioned country is small and dependent on the sanctioning country. Also, the sanctioned and not [url=http://www.rtnagel.com/louboutin.php]louboutin pas cher[/url] the sanctioneer has to suffer loss as a result of the sanction. (Collins & Bowdoin 16). This said, one of the major benefits to the U.S. is that by enforcing a sanction, trade is depressed in the sanctioned country, which may force the leadership to make necessary reforms. Another benefit is the tendency of sanctions to draw the attention of the world to the injustices at hand in the country that is sanctioned. On the other hand, economic sanctions have been said to be costly to countries that are imposing them. To the U.S., for example, imposing trade sanctions on Iraq depressed [url=http://www.par5club.com/louboutin.php]louboutin pas cher[/url] trade within the country, particularly trade on oil, which is an extremely important commodity.
This same effect is felt in its technology sector, where imposing a trade sanction deprives the U.S. of access to any new technology from the sanctioned country (Hufbauer et al). Apart from this, the fact that the U.S. [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/peuterey.php]peuterey outlet[/url] continues to hit different countries to date acts a deterrent to trade. This act marks the U.S as an unreliable trade partner among its allies, who fear involvement in U.S. sanctions. Sanctions in most cases do not achieve their goals. According to Collins and Bowdoin (18), many sanctioned countries only experience loses in the short run as a result of losing U.S.as a trade partner. In the long run, other countries continue to trade with the sanctioned country, leaving a negligible dent [url=http://www.bankonco.com/hollister.php]hollister[/url] in the economy.
This is supported by Hufbauer et al, who add that the sanctioned countries and their other trade partners are happy to challenge the [url=http://www.rtnagel.com/airjordan.php]jordan pas cher[/url] superiority of the U.S.in defying calls for multilateral sanctions, which prevents a sanction from carrying as much weight as is intended. Consequently, there is failure to create an incentive for leaders in sanctioned countries to make reforms.In light of this, it would be a wise move for the U.S to abolish the use of sanctions. Sanctions seem to harm the U.S economy more than the [url=http://www.davidhabchy.com]barbour outlet[/url] targeted countries, a scenario [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/woolrich.php]woolrich bologna[/url] that is especially true in a century where block loyalties do not hold any more. This implies that a good number of sanctions are unilateral and hence ineffective. The U.S. could on the other hand look into imposing sanctions only in cases where this move is likely [url=http://www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm]www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm[/url] to be supported by its allies to make it more effective as a multilateral sanction.
Works CitedCollins, Joseph & Bowdoin Gabrielle. Better Alternatives for U.S. Foreign Policy. Washington DC: The CSIS Press (1999).

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